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| Family Process Heft 4/1999 |
| 1/1999 - 2/1999
- 3/1999 - 4/1999
- Überblick Sluzki, Carlos E. (1999): IN MEMORIAM: Mara Selvini-Palazzoli, M.D. (1916-1999). In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 391-398 Hoffman, Perry D., Alan Fruzzetti & Charles Swenson (1999): Dialectical Behavior Therapy - Family Skills Training. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 399-414. abstract: Over the past three decades, family interventions have become important components of treatment for a number of psychiatric disorders. To date, however, there has been no family treatment designed specifically for borderline personality disorder patients and their relatives. This article describes one short-term family intervention called Dialectical Behavior Therapy-Family Skills Training. Based on Linehan‘s Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), borderline patients‘ behavioral patterns are thought to result from a lifelong transaction between emotional vulnerability and invalidating features of the social and familial environment. Individual DBT focuses on reducing individual emotion dysregulation and vulnerability and enhancing individual stability. The complementary family interventions proposed in this article aim to: 1) provide all family members an understanding of borderline behavioral patterns in a clear, nonjudgmental way; 2) enhance the contributions of all family members to a mutually validating environment; and 3) address all family members‘ emotion regulation and interpersonal skills deficits. Bernstein, Anne C. (1999): Reconstructing the Brothers Grimm: New Tales for Stepfamily Life. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 415-429. abstract: Stepfamilies are situated within the sociopolitical context of family change and are examined as a prototype of the „postmodern“ family. This essay looks at the cultural construction of stepfamily life and proposes a model for collaboratively reconstructing stories that liberate step-relationships from the legacy of the Brothers Grimm, deconstructing the stories of failure, insufficiency, and neglect. Building on narrative and social constructionist ways of thinking about families, the concept of sideshadowing (a hermeneutic approach from literary/historical criticism) is introduced to elucidate how therapists can help family members discover ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving that are both more personally satisfying and more congruent with the changed context of family life. Two therapeutic challenges are highlighted: reconceptualizing what it means to be a stepfamily and coming to terms with differential attachment in relationships while working with stepfamilies. The essay ends with a fairy tale for the 21st century. Al-Krenawi, Alean & Rachel Wiesel-Lev (1999): Attitudes toward and Perceived Psychosocial Impact of Female Circumcision as Practiced among the Bedouin-Arabs of the Negev. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 431-443. abstract: The present pilot study examines attitudes toward and the perceived psychosocial impact of circumcision as practiced among the Bedouin-Arabs of the Negev, Israel. A convenience sample of 24 women participated in the study: 12 who had experienced the ritual, and 12 who had not, but who had witnessed or been told about the practice of the ritual on women in their extended families. Two research instruments were used: a structured questionnaire, and a semi-structured open-ended interview. Data showed differences in subject responses depending on the research tools. The structured questionnaire revealed that women who had experienced the circumcision gave legitimization and cognitive rationalization to it. In contrast, the semi-structured interview revealed that these same subjects reported insult: traumatization, direct negative influences, and narcissistic insult, and described emotional difficulties during the research interviews. The findings indicated that they had difficulties in mother-daughter relationships and trust. Implications of the ritual on the continuity of polygamy and marital/sexual problems are discussed. Slonim-Nevo, Vered, Yanna Sharaga & Julia Mirsky (1999): A Culturally Sensitive Approach to Therapy with Immigrant Families: The Case of Jewish Emigrants from the Former Soviet Union. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 445-462. abstract: This article is based on accumulated clinical experience in Israel with families that emigrated from the former Soviet Union. It describes a culturally sensitive systemic intervention with two such families: a single-parent family, and a family that exhibited physical violence. Relevant cultural characteristics of family patterns and parent-child relationships in Jewish-Soviet families are reviewed. It is demonstrated how a cross-cultural perspective may affect the interpretation of presented problems and result in a less pathological perspective. It is further illustrated how universal intervention techniques combined with culturally sensitive approaches may produce positive effects in therapy. Burney Hamilton, Elizabeth, Joan Asarnow & Martha Tompson (1999): Family Interaction Styles of Children with Depressive Disorders, Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders, and Normal Controls. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 463-476. abstract: Family interaction processes during a problem-solving task were examined in children with depressive disorders, children with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, and a normal control group of community children screened for the absence of psychiatric disorder. Major findings were: a) children with depressive disorders were more likely than children with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and children with no psychiatric disorder to direct guilt-inducing comments toward their parents; and b) parents of children with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were more likely to direct harsh critical comments toward the child than were parents of depressed children or parents of normal controls. In addition, children‘s and mothers‘ use of benign criticism was linked, while children‘s harsh criticism was associated with intrusion from the father, and children‘s self-denigrating comments were related to specific paternal criticism. Implications of these results for understanding transactional processes associated with childhood-onset depressive and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders are discussed. Wuerker, Anne K., Gretchen Haas & Alan Bellack (1999): Racial and Gender Differences in Expressed Emotion and Interpersonal Control in Families of Persons with Schizophrenia. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 477-496. abstract: Expressed Emotion (EE) has been shown to be predictive of course or severity in many illnesses, but the studies have been largely of white middle-class patients. This study examined gender and racial differences in parental EE level and communication patterns between the parent and patient with schizophrenia, using data from the NIMH Treatment Strategies in Schizophrenia study. Dialogues (n = 140) from 54 patient-parent dyads were coded into the Relational Control Coding System. Resultant data (n = 13,605 sequences) were analyzed with log-linear models. Results show that the relationship between control and EE level was stronger in African American families compared to Caucasians. Gender differences were as expected, with daughters less competitive and more deferential to their parents. Although the total number of high-EE parents with daughters was small, patterns in these families showed parents who responded submissively in contrast to the competitive symmetry in families with male patients. Ridenour, Ty A., James Daley & Wendy Reich (1999): Factor Analyses of the Family Assessment Device. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 497-510. abstract: The Family Assessment Device (FAD) operationalizes the McMaster Model of Family Functioning, which has been used in numerous studies, translated into seven languages, and is regarded as one of the most researched family assessment tools available. However, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using the 7-by-7 matrix of subscale correlations from the original validity study on the FAD (Epstein, Baldwin, & Bishop, 1983) indicated that the FAD subscales overlap substantially and do not assess unique dimensions of family functioning. Results of our study suggest that the conservatively best use of the FAD is using the General Functioning subscale as a summary score. A model that fits the data marginally better than the General Functioning score and a Measurement Error model, however, consisted of „Collaboration“ and „Commitment“ latent factors. These results illustrated the need for more extensive validity research on the FAD, because interpretation of the factors and subscales had to rely heavily on face validity. Anderson, Carol M. (1999): Abstracts and Notes of Interest. In: Family Process 38 (4): S. 511-522 Published by
arrangement with John Wiley & Sons
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