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| Family Process Heft 2/2010 |
| 1/2010 - 2/2010 - 3/2010 - 4/2010 - Überblick Imber-Black, Evan (2010): Caring in Multiple Relational Contexts of Adversity: Implications for Family Therapy. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 139-141 Arditti, Joyce, Linda Burton & Sara Neeves-Botelho (2010): Maternal Distress and Parenting in the Context of Cumulative Disadvantage. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 142-164. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). This article presents an emergent conceptual model of the features and links between cumulative disadvantage, maternal distress, and parenting practices in low-income families in which parental incarceration has occurred. The model emerged from the integration of extant conceptual and empirical research with grounded theory analysis of longitudinal ethnographic data from Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three-City Study. Fourteen exemplar family cases were used in the analysis. Results indicated that mothers in these families experienced life in the context of cumulative disadvantage, reporting a cascade of difficulties characterized by neighborhood worries, provider concerns, bureaucratic difficulties, violent intimate relationships, and the inability to meet children‘s needs. Mothers, however, also had an intense desire to protect their children, and to make up for past mistakes. Although, in response to high levels of maternal distress and disadvantage, most mothers exhibited harsh discipline of their children, some mothers transformed their distress by advocating for their children under difficult circumstances. Women‘s use of harsh discipline and advocacy was not necessarily an ‚either/or‘ phenomenon as half of the mothers included in our analysis exhibited both harsh discipline and care/advocacy behaviors. Maternal distress characterized by substance use, while connected to harsh disciplinary behavior, did not preclude mothers engaging in positive parenting behaviors. Baker, Jason, James Mchale, Anne Strozier & Dawn Cecil (2010): Mother-Grandmother Coparenting Relationships in Families with Incarcerated Mothers: A Pilot Investigation. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 165-184. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). Using new methods designed to assess coparenting between incarcerated mothers of preschool-aged children and the maternal grandmothers caring for the children during their absence, we examined relationships between coparenting quality during the mother‘s jail stay and both concurrent child behavior problems and later coparenting interactions following mothers‘ release and community reentry. Forty mother-grandmother dyads participated in joint coparenting discussions during the incarceration, with a smaller subset completing a parallel activity at home 1 month postrelease. Both women also participated in individual coparenting interviews during the incarceration, and reported on child behavior problems. Mother-grandmother coparenting interactions exhibited an overall structure similar to that documented in nuclear families, with population-specific dynamics also evident. The observational system demonstrated good interrater and internal reliability, and showed associations with maternal (but not grandmother) reports and descriptions of the coparenting relationship via interview. Greater coparenting relationship quality during incarceration was associated with fewer concurrent child externalizing behavior problems, and predicted more positive coparenting interactions postrelease. Findings suggest that the coparenting assessments were useful for understanding mother-grandmother coparenting relationships in these families and that importantly, these relationships were tied to children‘s functioning. Avenues for future research and considerations for intervention efforts are discussed. Braun, Melanie, Katharina Mura, Melanie Peter-Wight, Rainer Hornung & Urte Scholz (2010): Toward a Better Understanding of Psychological Well-Being in Dementia Caregivers: The Link Between Marital Communication and Depression. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 185-203. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). Dementia research has frequently documented high rates of caregiver depression and distress in spouses providing care for a partner suffering from dementia. However, the role of marital communication in understanding caregiver distress has not been examined sufficiently. Studies with healthy couples demonstrated an association between marital communication and the partners‘ psychological well-being, depressiveness, respectively (e.g., Heene, Buysee, & Van Oost, 2005). The current study investigates the relationship between caregiver depression and communication in 37 couples in which the wives care for their partners with dementia. Nonsequential and sequential analyses revealed significant correlations between caregiver depression and marital communication quality. Caregivers whose husbands used more positive communication reported less depression and distress. Additionally, caregiver depression was negatively correlated with rates of positive reciprocal communication indicating dependence between the couples‘ interaction patterns. This study is one of the first to illustrate the relevance of spousal communication in understanding caregiver distress and depression. Feaster, Daniel J., Myron J. Burns, Ahnalee M. Brincks, Guillermo Prado, Victoria B. Mitrani, Megaly H. Mauer & Jose Szapocznik (2010): Structural Ecosystems Therapy for HIV+ African-American Women and Drug Abuse Relapse. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 204-219. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). This report examines the effect of Structural Ecosystems Therapy (SET) for (n=143) HIV+ African-American women on rate of relapse to substance use relative to both a person-centered approach (PCA) to therapy and a community control (CC) group. A prior report has shown SET to decrease psychological distress and family hassles relative to these 2 comparison groups. In new analyses, SET and CC had a significant protective effect against relapse as compared with PCA. There is evidence that SET‘s protective effect on relapse was related to reductions in family hassles, whereas there was not a direct impact of change in psychological distress on rates of relapse. Lower retention in PCA, perhaps caused by the lack of a directive component to PCA, may have put these women at greater risk for relapse. Whereas SET did not specifically address substance abuse, SET indirectly protected at-risk women from relapse through reductions in family hassles. Anderson, Shayne R. & Lee N. Johnson (2010): A Dyadic Analysis of the Between- and Within-System Alliances on Distress. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 220-235. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). This study examines the relationship between the therapeutic alliance and distress using the couple rather than the individual as the unit of analysis. One hundred and seventy-three couples receiving treatment for relational distress at two university clinics participated in this study. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the relationship of each partner‘s between- and within-system alliance scores and distress at session four. Results provide support for actor effects on relational distress for both male and female partners and for actor effects on psychological distress for female partners. Limited support was found for partner effects on distress. Furthermore, results indicate that the alliance between partners is a stronger predictor of improvement in early sessions in comparison with the alliance between the individual and the therapist. Molinari, Luisa, Marina Everri & Laura Fruggeri (2010): Family Microtransitions: Observing the Process of Change in Families with Adolescent Children. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 236-250. abstract: To read this article in Spanish, please see this article‘s Supporting Information on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). The aim of the study is to explore the process of microtransitions in families with adolescent children. Original methodological procedures were designed in order to have families as the objects of study and to analyze data with particular attention to the family process of change. A family interview focused on the adolescent and family change was conducted with 12 families having an adolescent child. As indicators of change, we used coordination and oscillation. Our results highlight different patterns of family interactions, illustrating various ways through which families deal with change. Conclusive remarks focus on the theoretical relevance of the study, the method and the implications for family practice and policy. Kapungu, Chisina Tsvakayi, Donna Baptiste, Grayson Holmbeck, Cami Mcbride, Melissa Robinson-Brown, Allyse Sturdivant, Laurel Crown & Roberta Paikoff (2010): Beyond the ‚Birds and the Bees‘: Gender Differences in Sex-Related Communication Among Urban African-American Adolescents. In: Family Process 49 (2): S. 251-264. abstract: To read this article‘s abstract in both Spanish and Mandarin Chinese, please visit the article‘s full-text page on Wiley InterScience (http://interscience.wiley.com/journal/famp). The current study examined gender differences in communication about sex-related topics in a community sample of urban, African-American mothers and adolescents living in impoverished neighborhoods with high HIV rates. One hundred and sixty-two mother-adolescent dyads completed self-report measures of sex-related communication. Youth also reported on their sexual risk. We identified the range of sexual-based topics that adolescents discussed with their mothers, fathers, friends, and at school. The relationship between the frequency of sexual communication and sexual risk was examined. We also investigated congruency between adolescent and mother report about whether sexual-based discussions occurred. Consistent with prior research, girls talked to their mothers, fathers, friends, and at school about sex-related topics more than boys. Findings indicated that mothers not only communicated more frequently about sexual issues with their daughters than sons but that parental messages for girls were more protective. Greater sexual communication with mother was significantly associated with decreased HIV risk in the past 90 days and increased protection from HIV. Inconsistencies between mother and adolescent reports about sexual communication were marginally associated with decreased protection from HIV. Findings reveal the protective effect of sexual communication and the general lack of congruence between mother and adolescent reports of sexual communication. |
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