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| Family Process Heft 1/2000 |
| 1/2000 - 2/2000 - 3/2000 - 4/2000 - Überblick Anderson, Carol M. (2000): Views Retrospective and Prospective. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 1-2 Ryder, Robert G. (2000): The End of an Era: Lyman Wynne Leaves the Family Process Board of Directors. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 3-4 Miller, Gale & Steve de Shazer (2000): Emotions in Solution-Focused Therapy: A Re-examination. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 5-23. abstract: This article re-examines whether and how emotions are an aspect of solution-focused therapy. A major theme in the article focuses on the usual ways that therapists define and discuss emotions in solution-focused and other therapies. We argue that these discussions are a source of much confusion about emotions and about solution-focused therapy, including the confusing idea that emotions are neglected in solution-focused therapy. The second major theme describes an alternative approach to these issues, one that we believe better fits with the assumptions and concerns of solution-focused therapy. The approach is based on Wittgenstein's writings about language games, private experience, and how emotions are rule-following activities. Viewed from this perspective, solution-focused therapists take account of their clients' emotions by helping clients to create new emotion rules to follow. Piercy, Fred P., Eve Lipchik & Dave Kiser (2000): Miller and de Shazer's Article on "Emotions in Solution-Focused Therapy". In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 25-28 Schwartz, Richard C. & Susan M. Johnson (2000): Does Couple and Family Therapy Have Emotional Intelligence? In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 29-33 Laszloffy, Tracey A. & Kenneth V. Hardy (2000): Uncommon Strategies for a Common Problem: Addressing Racism in Family Therapy. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 35-50. abstract: Race and racism have a profound effect on our daily lives and the practice of family therapy. Whether individual or institutional level, overt or covert, intentional or unintentional, there are a variety of ways in which racism can infiltrate the therapeutic process. Before therapists can take steps to address racism effectively within the context of family therapy, it is important to attend to the development of their racial awareness and racial sensitivity. These provide the critical foundation upon which specific skills and strategies associated with effectively identifying and responding to racism in therapy are based. This article defines racial awareness and sensitivity and provides suggestions for enhancing both. In the section that follows, three major ways in which racism can infiltrate the therapeutic process are described. Skills and strategies for addressing each of these in family therapy are presented. Dankoski, Mary E. & Sharon A. Deacon (2000): Using a Feminist Lens in Contextual Therapy. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 51-66. abstract: Both contextual and feminist therapy have not been given the attention they deserve in the field of MFT. We believe that not only do these approaches have undiscovered merit but also, when integrated, they provide a useful framework for conducting therapy that addresses marginalized voices and raises social consciousness. In this article, we "layer" feminist theory onto contextual therapy and argue that the constructs of contextual therapy may relate well to many women's experiences in families. We then illustrate our combined feminist-contextual therapy with two case examples. This integration broadens the scope and sensitivity of contextual therapy to address issues of gender. LaSala, Michael C. (2000): Lesbians, Gay Men, and Their Parents: Family Therapy for the Coming-Out Crisis. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 67-81. abstract: It is considered psychologically healthy for lesbians and gay men to come out and live outside of the closet. However, parents tend to react with shock, disappointment, and shame when they learn of a son's or daughter's gay sexual orientation. Disclosure often precipitates a painful family crisis, which can lead to cutoffs between members. This article describes family therapy theories and interventions that can aid therapists in sheparding families through the initial stages of the coming-out crisis. Family therapists are advised to acknowledge and address the distinct emotional needs of coming-out individuals and their parents. Parents must grieve and obtain accurate information about gay lifestyles. Lesbians and gay men need support as they struggle to cope with their parents' negative reactions. Family members should be coached to maintain noncombative communication following the disclosure, even if contacts are initially brief and superficial. Case examples, drawn from the author's clinical work, will demonstrate how to address the separate needs of lesbians, gay men, and their parents while maintaining (or rebuilding) family relationships and ultimately guiding families toward successful resolution of this crisis. Schoenwald, Sonja K., Scott W. Henggeler, Michael J. Brondino & Melisa D. Rowland (2000): Multisystemic Therapy: Monitoring Treatment Fidelity. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 83-103. abstract: The challenges of specifying a complex and individualized treatment model and measuring fidelity thereto are described, using multisystemic therapy (MST) as an example. Relations between therapist adherence to MST principles and instrumental and ultimate outcome variables are examined, as are relations between clinical supervision and therapist adherence. The findings provide modest support for the associations between MST adherence measures and instrumental and ultimate outcomes. Results also show that adherence can be altered when clinical supervision and adherence monitoring procedures are fortified. The modest associations between adherence measures and youth outcomes argue for further refinement and validation of the MST adherence measure, especially in light of the well-established effectiveness of MST with challenging clinical populations and the increasing dissemination of MST programs. Tompson, Martha C., Margaret M. Rea, Michael J. Goldstein, David J. Miklowitz & Amy G. Weisman (2000): Difficulty in Implementing a Family Intervention for Bipolar Disorder: The Predictive Role of Patient and Family Attributes. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 105-120. abstract: Family affect was examined as a predictor of difficulty implementing a 9-month, manual-based, psychoeducational family therapy for recently manic bipolar patients. Prior to therapy, family members were administered measures to assess both their expressed emotion and affective behavior during a family interaction task. Following family treatment, both therapists and independent observers rated the overall difficulty of treating the family, and therapists also rated each participant's problem behaviors during treatment, in the areas of affect, communication, and resistance. Therapists regarded affective problems among relatives and resistance among patients as central in determining the overall difficulty of treating the family. Relatives' critical behavior toward patients during the pretreatment interaction task predicted both independent observers' ratings of overall treatment difficulty and therapists' perceptions of relatives' affective problems during treatment. Moreover, patients' residual symptoms predicted independent observers' ratings of overall difficulty and therapists' perceptions of patients' resistance to the family intervention. Results suggest that difficulties in conducting a manual-based family intervention can be predicted from systematic, pretreatment family and clinical assessment. Semans, Maureen P. & Linda Stone Fish (2000): Dissecting Life with a Jewish Scalpel: A Qualitative Analysis of Jewish-Centered Family Life. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 121-139. abstract: This article highlights findings from a qualitative analysis of the ways in which Jewish families identify how Judaism influences their lives. A theoretical sample of two religious and two cultural families were chosen from a larger sample of 48 Jewish families in Central New York. The qualitative part of this study, which was part of a larger multimethod investigation, was done in order to gather inductively any data that would allow the researchers to build a theory about a particular type of ethnic identity-Jewish identity-and how it affects family dynamics. Eleven categories emerged from this study, which suggest that this particular type of ethnic identity influences many family dynamics, for example, styles of communicating, parenting, values, and family rituals. The participants seem to dissect the world with a "Jewish scalpel." This "scalpel" informs their daily interactions, their parenting styles, and their childrens' self-perceptions. Miller, Ivan W., Christine E. Ryan, Gabor I. Keitner, Duane S. Bishop & Nathan B. Epstein (2000): Factor Analyses of the Family Assessment Device," by Ridenour, Daley, & Reich. In: Family Process 39 (1): S. 141-144. abstract: Ridenour, Daley, and Reich conducted a series of factor analyses using the correlational matrix of the subscale scores of the Family Assessment Device (FAD), published in Family Process, December, 1999. They conclude that "the FAD subscales be reorganized from their current seven-subscale format" (p. 507). We propose that this suggestion for reorganization is premature and based on the inappropriate application of an "internal consistency" model of scale construction to the FAD. We further suggest that the most important criteria regarding an assessment instrument are those of reliability, validity, and clinical utility. In the absence of this kind of data regarding alternative organizations of the FAD, we believe that the original subscales remain the best choice. |
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