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systemagazin Zeitschriftenarchiv: Journal of Family Therapy Heft 4/2008
1/2008 - 2/2008  - 3/2008 - 4/2008 - Übersicht


Rivett, Mark & Ivan Eisler (2008): Editorial: Family therapy and the head of Janus. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30(4), S. 331-334


Gergen, Kenneth J. (2008): Therapeutic challenges of multi-being. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 335-350

abstract: This paper emerges from an attempt to shift the locus of understanding human action from the individual to relationship. In doing so we come to see persons as multi-beings, that is, as constituted within multiple relationships from which they emerge with multiple, incoherent, and often conflicting potentials. Therapy, in this context, becomes a collaborative relationship with the aim of transforming the client's broader relational network. In this view, schooling in a singular practice of therapy artificially limits the therapist's potential, and thus the possible outcomes of the client–therapist relationship. Invited, then, is a reflective eclecticism, in which the myriad potentials of both the therapist and client are considered in tandem. This view is illustrated by contrasting three relational conditions in which clients find themselves, each of which invites a different form of self-expression from the therapist.


Larner, Glenn (2008): Exploring Levinas: the ethical self in family therapy. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 351-361

abstract: From a systemic perspective, people are relational beings located in wider systems of interaction, conversation and meaning. As for social constructionists, the self is positioned and storied through language and dialogue. Yet is the self no more than the multiple conversations and relations it enters into? Systemic therapists informed by psychoanalytic thinking describe a reflective self, responsive to inner conversation about emotional experience (Flaskas, 2005). Those working in mental health services contend with the biological and 'cognitive-mindful' self. Perhaps the self can be defined in many ways or languages as a deconstructive both/and. In this paper the systemic, relational or dialogic self in family therapy is discussed from the perspective of the ethical philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. For Levinas ethical intersubjectivity is what makes subjectivity and thinking possible. The self is respons-ibility to other or, as Derrida (1999) says, 'consciousness is hospitality' (p. 48). Yet for both Derrida and Levinas the relational self is also a separate and unique self. The ethical self is discussed in relation to family therapy practice.


Bertrando, Paolo & Gabriella Gilli (2008): Emotional dances: therapeutic dialogues as embodied systems. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 362-373

abstract: The mind/body dualism, although scarcely relevant in clinical practice, remains unsolved theoretically. The pragmatic wisdom of the founders of family therapy, which implied that bodies and minds in therapy were one, has been easily forgotten. Such a situation had practical results, leading to naive solutions, both on the materialistic and idealistic sides, represented by biological psychiatry on the one side, and by most postmodern therapies on the other. This article proposes to consider the role of emotions in therapeutic dialogue to solve this dilemma within the field of systemic therapy.


Vetere, Arlene & Rudi Dallos (2008): Systemic therapy and attachment narratives. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 374-385

abstract: In this paper we describe how we bring together three major systems of thought: attachment theory; family systems theories; and theories of narrative development, in an integrated approach to systemic practice that we call attachment narrative therapy (ANT). ANT provides a four-stage framework for practice: creating a secure base; exploring narratives and attachment experiences within a systemic framework; considering alternatives and taking action; and the future and maintenance of the therapeutic base. Formulation, especially regarding the role of emotions and attachments in family dynamics and narratives, is at the heart of our approach and helps us hold ourselves accountable for our particular weave of theory and practice.


Sexton, Thomas L., Jeremy C. Kinser & Christopher W. Hanes (2008): Beyond a single standard: levels of evidence approach for evaluating marriage and family therapy research and practice. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 386-398

abstract: Randomized clinical trial (RCT) research has come to dominate the research landscape of marriage and family therapy (MFT). Despite becoming the 'gold standard' for evaluating clinical research and clinical practices, there is a growing debate regarding the reliance on RCTs as the primary basis for evaluating clinical intervention in MFT. Given the natural diversity of clients, settings and clinical problems faced by practitioners and the relational and recursive interactional process of MFT, one of the major challenges for the field of MFT will be to come to grips with the research–practice gap by moving beyond a single methodological standard through adopting a 'levels of evidence' approach as a framework that promotes diverse research methods, different methodological criteria (depending on the method), and evaluation based on the accumulated type of evidence needed to answer a specific policy, clinical practice choice, or within a model clinical decision.


Crane, D. Russell (2008): The cost-effectiveness of family therapy: a summary and progress report. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 399-410

abstract: This paper provides a summary of the cost-effectiveness research for family therapy. Data were available from four different sources in the United States: (1) a health maintenance organization with 180,000 subscribers; (2) the Medicaid system of the State of Kansas; (3) CIGNA Behavioral Health, a division of a health insurance company with nine million subscribers; and (4) a family therapy training clinic. Results suggest that family therapy reduces the number of healthcare visits, especially for high utilizers. The studies suggest that including family therapy as a treatment option does not significantly increase healthcare costs.


Carpenter, John, Valentin Escudero & Mark Rivett (2008): Training family therapy students in conceptual and observation skills relating to the therapeutic alliance: an evaluation. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 411-424

abstract: This paper describes a training intervention to develop students' conceptual and observation skills relating to the therapeutic alliance (TA) in family therapy. An evaluation methodology was developed and piloted. The knowledge and observation skills of family therapy students pre- and post-training were assessed in comparison to a non-intervention group of experienced clinicians. Students' mean scores on the knowledge measure improved significantly from 43 per cent to 74 per cent (p<0.001) and on the observation test from 43 per cent to 65 per cent, although this failed to reach statistical significance (p=0.08). There were no significant changes in the clinicians' scores over the same period. The clinicians' knowledge was higher initially, but the students had caught up after six months. In conclusion, training students in conceptual and observational skills relating to the therapeutic alliance may have a measurable effect. A 'stepwise' methodology for demonstrating the relationship between training in TA and outcomes for families is proposed.


Gower, Myrna & Emilia Dowling (2008): Parenting adult children – invisible ties that bind? In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 425-437

abstract: This paper presents the authors' ideas about parenting adult children, describes some of the results of a larger qualitative research study and explores possible implications for practice. The study is based on in-depth analyses of narratives from interviews of a non-clinical population of parents of adult children. It represents part of an ongoing study to develop an understanding of an under-researched area of family life.


de Barbaro, Bogdan, Małgorzata Opoczyńska, Maria Rostworowska, Lucyna Drożdżowicz & Marcin Golański (2008): Changes in the patient's identity in the context of a psychiatric system – an empirical study. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 438-449

abstract: The aim of this paper is to provide a description of a significant process which takes place during a first psychiatric hospitalization and to shed some light on its context. This process involves a transformation of an individual considered mentally disturbed into a psychiatric patient which affects the person's identity. The 'person' becomes a 'psychiatric patient'. Although it is self-evident that a patient never stops being a person, the context of the first hospitalization merits attention as it is the time when the patient is in most danger of being objectified and depersonalized. The paper describes a study of forty-six patients hospitalized for the first time on a psychiatric ward and their seventy-five parents. Their narratives from the beginning and the end of stay in hospital were compared and the language used during the introductory consultation and discharge consultation analysed. In this process an important role is played by patients' parents. The parents' narratives are seen to change in a direction of acceptance but at the same time a process of stigmatization is apparent.


Omer, Haim, Irit Schorr-Sapir & Uri Weinblatt (2008): Non-violent resistance and violence against siblings. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 450-464

abstract: A parent-training approach to the treatment of violence against siblings according to the principles of non-violent resistance was developed aiming at resisting the violence, providing protection to the victims and reducing escalation between the parents and the violent child.


Rober, Peter (2008): Being there, experiencing and creating space for dialogue: about working with children in family therapy. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 465-477

abstract: While most authors agree that it is important to mobilize the active participation of children in the family therapy session, a lot of family therapists exclude children from participating because they do not feel comfortable with children. Teaching family therapists to feel more comfortable around children is a good idea, but perhaps it is not enough. In this article, the author reflects on the complexity of the issue of the comfort of the therapist in a session with children and families. In the discussion of the case story of Elly and her mother, practitioners are reminded that the therapist's experiencing in the session can help her to understand something of what goes on in the families she is working with.


Seikkula, Jaakko (2008): Inner and outer voices in the present moment of family and network therapy. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 478-491

abstract: Dialogue in the polyphony of inner and outer voices in the present moment of family therapy is analysed. In Western Lapland a focus on social networks and dialogues in the meeting with families has proved to be effective in psychotic crises.


Mason, Barry (2008): Relational risk-taking, men and affairs. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 492-503

abstract: This paper is about clinical work with heterosexual men who have had affairs which have ended and who wish to resume the relationship with their partners. An approach is proposed which emphasizes the exploration and development of relational risk-taking by the men concerned. A rationale and ideas for involvement of the partners of the men is also addressed.


van Lawick, Justine & Hans Bom (2008): Building bridges: home visits to multi-stressed families where professional help reached a deadlock. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 504-516

abstract: Work with 'multi-stressed' families is often overwhelming for therapists. This is partly due to the frustrating experiences these families have had which contributes to an attitude of distrust towards the outside world. The authors describe methods used in the Netherlands to engage these families in treatment. These methods include home visits, collaborative practice and respect for the resources that the families already have.


Wrate, Rob & Liz Forbat (2008): Introducing research methods and reflexivity into family therapy training. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 517-528

abstract: Research training does not always sit easily with family therapy trainees due to the perceived difficulty of the terrain and the mismatch between the primacy given to research and their developing expertise in the clinical work. Despite these tensions, research forms a core component to advanced training and is a requisite module for students completing an M.Sc. Following the provision of suboptimal teaching in research methods for M.Sc. candidates, a substantial redesign of the course was undertaken, taking into account the context of students' learning. This paper reports on the contextual influences on this new approach, and outlines the key pedagogical strategies that support student learning within the formal teaching sessions and beyond. We present a summary of the outcomes so far.


Burnham, John, Diane Alvis Palma & Lisa Whitehouse (2008): Learning as a context for differences and differences as a context for learning. In: Journal of Family Therapy 30
(4), S. 529-542

abstract: In this paper we describe how we, as two trainers with multiple differences, engaged with a group of trainees in a process of deconstructing the differences between the participants in the training group, using the acronym Social GRRAACCEESS as a heuristic. We will explore how these differences reflexively influenced the process of learning, through teaching, training and supervision, within the group.



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